![]() ReadingReading Unit 10
15
Reading Comprehension ![]() “Leaking boats”![]() The influence of Geography![]() Protectionist PoliciesAnother cause of the growing gap between rich and poor countries is protectionist policies. In other words, many rich countries have governmental plans that give special help to their own people, so trade isn’t actually completely “open”. One example of protectionist policies is an agricultural subsidy. This is money that a government gives to farmers; unfortunately, governments in poor countries can’t pay these subsidies to their farmers. Therefore, the farmers in rich countries have a competitive edge in the global market. Other protectionist policies are “hidden”. For example, Country X (a rich nation) might say their trade is open. However, it will not buy products from Country Y (a poor nation). Why? It says that Country Y does not have high enough health or safety standards.A way out![]() Practice : Decide if the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).1
Capitalism started to replace communism all over the world in the late twentieth century.
2
Open trade benefits both developed countries and developing ones.
3
With the presence of open economic system, poor countries benefit as much as rich countries do in any economic times.
4
Optimists believe that open trade helps widen the difference between rich and poor people.
5
The World Bank states that more than 1.1 million people live on less than a dollar a day.
6
The gap between rich and poor countries results from their difference in geography.
7
A rich nation won’t buy products from a poor one because it doesn’t have high enough health or safety standards.
8
The governments of East Asian countries have shifted their concentration from agriculture to manufacturing.
New words : ![]() Landlocked:
/ˈlændlɑːkt/
(adj.)
Bao quanh bởi đất liền
A country that is landlocked cannot easily transport its products to other parts of the world.
Switzerland is completely landlocked.
![]() Protectionist:
/prəˈtekʃənɪst/
(adj.)
Bảo hộ, bảo vệ nền công nghiệp trong nước (bằng hình thức đánh thuế vào các mặt hàng nước ngoài)
One of the causes of the growing gap between rich and poor countries is protectionist policies.
The small production of barley, soybeans, and corn relies heavily on government subsidies and protectionist trade policies.
![]() Subsidy:
/ˈsʌbsədi/
(n.)
Sự trợ giá, sự trợ cấp
One example of a protectionist policy is the agricultural subsidy.
Subsidy from the public purse to support the network in rural areas is still very high.
![]() Agriculture - Agricultural:
/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/ - /ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/
(n. adj.)
Nông nghiệp - Thuộc về nông nghiệp
The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade.
Agricultural drought involves mainly farming and food production.
![]() Manufacture:
/ˌmænjuˈfæktʃər/
(n. v.)
Sản xuất
Their governments have created an economic climate in which people can move from agriculture to manufacturing.
Vitamins cannot be manufactured by our bodies.
![]() Entrepreneur:
/ˌɑːntrəprəˈnɜːr/
(n.)
Doanh nghiệp, nhà kinh doanh
Many successful entrepreneurs come from tough, working class backgrounds.
In recent years new forms of Income Tax relief have been introduced to encourage the entrepreneur.
![]() Infrastructure:
/ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃər/
(n.)
Cơ sở hạ tầng
To help new entrepreneurs, these governments pay careful attention to infrastructure.
We are working hard to build the infrastructure needed by such companies.
Important phrases:![]() Have access to:
Tiếp cận với
Open trade means that people have access to essential goods such as food, clothing, and fuel.
Students must have access to good resources.
![]() It goes without saying...:
Chẳng cần nói cũng biết...
It goes without saying that people weak with disease cannot contribute to the economy of the country.
It goes without saying that we're delighted about the new baby.
Practice: Choose the suitable words to complete the following sentences.1
Although the country is totally ..... it contains three important rivers.
2
Such ..... moves reduce trade, and ultimately, prosperity for both nations involved.
3
This policy suggests that there may be a hidden ..... for crocodile producers.
4
Every week hundreds of ..... meet their bank managers in the hope of getting a loan.
5
..... subsidies can make it impossible for small-scale farmers to make a decent living.
6
Maintaining high quality is particularly important in pharmaceutical .....
7
The need to rebuild a media ..... from the bottom up is clearly evident.
Translation ![]() “Leaking boats” ![]() The influence of Geography ![]() Protectionist Policies Another cause of the growing gap between rich and poor countries is protectionist policies. In other words, many rich countries have governmental plans that give special help to their own people, so trade isn’t actually completely “open”. One example of a protectionist policy is an agricultural subsidy. This is money that a government gives to farmers; unfortunately, governments in poor countries can’t pay these subsidies to their farmers. Therefore, the farmers in rich countries have a competitive edge in the global market. Other protectionist policies are “hidden”. For example, Country X (a rich nation) might say their trade is open. However, it will not buy products from Country Y (a poor nation). Why? It says that Country Y does not have high enough health or safety standards. A way out ![]()
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