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SARAH, ANNE and STEVE get pulled over for speeding.
A policeman is following them on a motorbike.
ANNE: What’s that?
STEVE: It’s the cops!
They pull over, and the policeman approaches.
POLICEMAN: Can I see your licence please?
STEVE: Here you are. I’m sorry officer, what’s the problem?
POLICEMAN: I’m afraid you were travelling at seventy kilometres per hour in a sixty kilometre zone. Also, I see you have a passenger in the back seat who was not wearing a seat belt. Do you know that you must wear a seat belt when you’re travelling in a vehicle, ma’am?
SARAH: I’m sorry. I forgot. You see officer, my friend here has been looking for her brother who she hasn’t seen for two years, and we’ve just discovered the address.
STEVE: We were driving there when you pulled us over.
POLICEMAN: Yes, well, you hear a lot of stories in this job. I haven’t heard that one before.
SARAH: But it’s true!
ANNE: I’m really sorry. It’s all my fault. I was only thinking about my brother, and now you’re in trouble.
STEVE: It’s okay Anne. It was my fault we were going too fast.
POLICEMAN: Look, just stick to the speed limit, okay?
STEVE: Thankyou officer. Thankyou so much.
POLICEMAN: But that’s no excuse for not wearing a seatbelt. Right now be off with you. I hope they find your brother, ma’am.
STEVE: Thanks officer.
1. QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN - PAST CONTINUOUS
Steve was travelling too fast.
Was travelling là thì được gọi là thời quá khứ tiếp diễn. Nó miêu tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn trong quá khứ.
POLICEMAN
I’m afraid you were travelling at seventy kilometres per hour in a sixty kilometre zone.
Travelling là hành động tiếp diễn, xảy ra trong một khoảng thời gian. Và đó là hành động trong quá khứ, bởi vì hiện giờ Steve không đang lái xe. Anh ấy đã dừng lại rồi.
Hãy nghe một hành động tiếp diễn khác đã dừng lại.
POLICEMAN
Also, I see you have a passenger in the back seat who was not wearing a seat belt.
Ta thành lập thì quá khứ tiếp diễn với was hay were và dạng ing của động từ.
They were driving too fast.
I was working too hard.
It was raining.
STEVE
We were driving there when you pulled us over.
Ta thành lập dạng phủ định của quá khứ tiếp diễn bằng cách nói not giữa was/were với động từ đuôi ing.
They were not driving too fast.
I was not working too hard.
It was not raining.
POLICEMAN
Also, I see you have a passenger in the back seat who was not wearing a seat belt.
2. WHILE, WHO & WHEN
While, who và when được dùng để thành lập câu phức.
While nghĩa là 'trong lúc’.
Nó được dùng để nối hai ý với nhau.
You are on a bus.
You must have a ticket.
You must have a ticket while you are on a bus.
You are in a restaurant.
You mustn’t smoke.
You mustn’t smoke while you are in a restaurant.
When nối hai hành động xảy ra cùng lúc.
We were driving there.
You pulled us over.
We were driving there when you pulled us over.
STEVE
We were driving there when you pulled us over.
We were speeding.
You stopped us.
We were speeding when you stopped us.
POLICEMAN
Do you know that you must wear a seat belt when you’re travelling in a vehicle, ma’am?
Ta cũng nối hai ý với nhau bằng who.
My friend has been looking for her brother.
She hasn’t seen him for two years.
My friend has been looking for her brother who she hasn’t seen for two years.
SARAH
You see officer, my friend here has been looking for her brother who she hasn’t seen for two years.
3. SỬ DỤNG CÁC THÌ
Hãy nghe câu dài sau đây của Sarah.
SARAH
I’m sorry. I forgot. You see officer, my friend here has been looking for her brother who she hasn’t seen for two years, and we’ve just discovered the address.
Thời hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn ‘My friend here has been looking for her brother’ cho ta biết rằng Anne đang tìm trong quá khứ, và vẫn đang tìm trong hiện tại.
SARAH
You see officer, my friend here has been looking for her brother...
‘She hasn’t seen him’ cho biết rằng trong cả thời gian đó, Anne đã không gặp em trai mình, và bây giờ vẫn chưa gặp.
SARAH
You see officer, my friend here has been looking for her brother who she hasn’t seen for two years.
’We’ve just discovered his address.’ là thì hiện tại hoàn thành. Họ tìm ra địa chỉ của cậu ấy chỉ một lúc trước đó ở siêu thị.
SARAH
You see officer, my friend here has been looking for her brother who she hasn’t seen for two years, and we’ve just discovered the address.